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683 lines
44 KiB
683 lines
44 KiB
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<title>Laboratory Report - Cloud Computing & Services</title>
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<body class="article">
|
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<div id="header">
|
|
<h1>Laboratory Report - Cloud Computing & Services</h1>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div id="content">
|
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<div id="preamble">
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
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<div class="paragraph">
|
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<p><strong><em>Authors</em></strong></p>
|
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</div>
|
|
<table class="tableblock frame-all grid-all stretch">
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<colgroup>
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<col style="width: 50%;">
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<col style="width: 50%;">
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</colgroup>
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<tbody>
|
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<tr>
|
|
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Oulis Evangelos</p></td>
|
|
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><<a href="mailto:cs151051@uniwa.gr">cs151051@uniwa.gr</a>></p></td>
|
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</tr>
|
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<tr>
|
|
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Katsimpras Drosos</p></td>
|
|
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><<a href="mailto:cs131110@uniwa.gr">cs131110@uniwa.gr</a>></p></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Oulis Nikolaos</p></td>
|
|
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><<a href="mailto:cs161079@uniwa.gr">cs161079@uniwa.gr</a>></p></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Kampoli Agathi</p></td>
|
|
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock"><<a href="mailto:cs131031@uniwa.gr">cs131031@uniwa.gr</a>></p></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_hadoop">Hadoop</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Το Hadoop αποτελεί μία συλλογή από open-source βοηθητικά προγράμματα το αποία προσφέρουν
|
|
τα απαραίτητα εφόδια για την επίλυση προβλημάτων (υπολογιστικών προβλημάτων) τα οποία
|
|
διαθέτουν μεγάλο όγκο δεδομένων και υπολογισμών σε ένα πλέγμα υπολογιστών. Η κατάτμηση
|
|
των δεδομένων και η συνεργασία πολλών υπολογιστικών συστημάτων κάνει αυτό το framework
|
|
πολύ αποδοτικό ειδικά σε προβλήματα όπου τα δεδομένα είναι σε αυξημένη κλίμακα και οι
|
|
υπολογσιστικές πράξεις για μία ορισμένη επεξεργασία πολύπλοκες.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect2">
|
|
<h3 id="_utilities">Utilities</h3>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Το framework αποτελείται από ένα προγραμματισμένο μοντέλο <strong>Map Reduce</strong> το οποίο αποτελείται
|
|
από ένα κατανεμημένο σύστημα αποθήκευσης (storage) και βασικές μεθόδους για την επεξεργασία δεδομένων
|
|
μεγάλης κλίμακας (Big Data Processing) μέσω του προγραμματισμένου μοντέλου.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_why">Why?</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Το hadoop έχει αναπτυχθεί για μεγάλα υπολογιστικά συστήματα (clusters) τα οποία αποτελούνται
|
|
από 2, 3 ακόμα και εκατοντάδες υπολογιστικές μηχανές. Το hadoop εξ' αρχής σχεδιάστηκε έτσι
|
|
ώστε να συνδυάζει το υλικό τέτοιων υπολογιστικών μηχανών (commodity hardware clusters), το οποίο μπορεί
|
|
να είναι απλό, με σκοπό την δυμιουργία παράλληλης επεξεργασίας και με μικρό κόστος στην αγορά του υλικού.</p>
|
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</div>
|
|
</div>
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|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_how">How?</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Όλα τα κομμάτια του hadoop έχουν αναπτυχθεί με σκοπό την διαχείριση των σφαλμάτων του Hardware με
|
|
μηχανισμούς που ορίζει το Framework αυτόματα.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_hadoop_description">Hadoop Description</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Ο πυρήνας του hadoop αποτελείται από ένα μέρος που αφορά την αποθήκη των δεδομένων. Αυτή είναι γνωστή ως
|
|
<strong>Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS)</strong>, και το μέρος την υπολογιστικής επεξεργασίας δεδομένων και η διαμοίραση
|
|
της εργασίας σε όλους τους κόμβους της τοπολογίας που είναι γνωστό ως <strong>MapReduce programming Model</strong>.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect2">
|
|
<h3 id="_hadoop_destributed_file_system_hdfs">Hadoop Destributed File System (HDFS)</h3>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Το HDFS αποτελείται από έναν κατανεμημένο χώρο αποθήκευσης ο οποίος
|
|
διαμοιράζεται από τις υπολογιστικές μηχανές ενός πλέγματος όπου το Hadoop διαχειρίζεται. Η κύρια
|
|
λειτουργία του είναι η κατάτμηση των αρχείων σε μεγάλα τμήματα (blocks) και η κατανομή αυτών
|
|
σε όλες τις μηχανές του πλέγματος (cluster).</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect2">
|
|
<h3 id="_hadoop_yarn">Hadoop YARN</h3>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Έπειτα ο YARN αναλαμβάνει την διαμοίραση ενός τμήματος του
|
|
κώδικα ο οποίος είναι χρήσιμος για κάθε μηχανή, όπου τους δίνει τη δυνατότητα εφαρμογής ενός
|
|
συνόλου εντολών για την παράλληλη επεξεργασία των δεδομένων αντίστοιχα σε κάθε μηχανή. Αυτό δίνει
|
|
τη δυνατότητα στην κάθε μηχανή του πλέγματος να διαχειρίζεται το δικό της μέρος των δεδομένων σαν
|
|
να είναι στο τοπικό της σύστημα.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Ο YARN ακόμα αναλαμβάνει την έναρξη της διεργασίας που αφορά την εφαρμογή σε επίπεδο κόμβου.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect2">
|
|
<h3 id="_hadoop_mapreduce">Hadoop MapReduce</h3>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Το προγραμματισμένο μοντέλο MapReduce αναλαμβάνει την συλλογή των αποτελεσμάτων κάθε κόμβου της
|
|
τοπολογίας και την δημιουργία της εξόδου. Η έξοδος κάθε κόμβου δρομολογείται σε ξεχωριστό αρχείο.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect2">
|
|
<h3 id="_απόδοση_hadoop">Απόδοση Hadoop</h3>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Αυτό επιτυγχάνει μεγάλες ταχύτητες στην επεξεργασία δεδομένων μεγάλης κλίμακας, και ακόμα ταχύτερη μπορεί
|
|
να γίνει όταν το δίκτυο το οποίο διέπει αυτό το πλέγμα προσφέρει μεγάλες ταχύτητες επικοινωνίες μεταξύ
|
|
των υπολογιστικών μηχανών.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect2">
|
|
<h3 id="_hadoop_modules_συνοπτικά">Hadoop Modules (Συνοπτικά)</h3>
|
|
<div class="ulist">
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Hadoop Common – contains libraries and utilities needed by other Hadoop modules,</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) – a distributed file-system that stores data on commodity machines, providing very high aggregate bandwidth across the cluster,
|
|
oyROEaFv0v</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Hadoop YARN – (introduced in 2012) a platform responsible for managing computing resources in clusters and using them for scheduling users' applications,</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>Hadoop MapReduce – an implementation of the MapReduce programming model for large-scale data processing.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_εγκατάσταση_και_εκτέλεση_μίας_clustered_hadoop_υπηρεσίας">Εγκατάσταση και Εκτέλεση μίας Clustered Hadoop Υπηρεσίας</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="sect2">
|
|
<h3 id="_έλεγχος_του_cluster_μας">Έλεγχος του Cluster μας</h3>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Για να πραγματοποιήσουμε έλεγχο του cluster μας θα εκτελέσμουμε την εντολή:</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash">docker node ls</code></pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>έτσι ώστε να πάρουμε σε μία λίστα την κατάσταση και την τοπολογία του cluster-kubernete (leader) καθώς
|
|
και την κατάσταση κάθε node (slave) του cluster.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-txt" data-lang="txt">ID HOSTNAME STATUS AVAILABILITY MANAGER STATUS ENGINE VERSION
|
|
gcnl3yrd9f8m3eiihdvssw02b * snf-12294 Ready Active Leader 19.03.8
|
|
kj7ymjntacu719r3wz10q71wy snf-12296 Ready Active 18.09.7
|
|
t7zdlnw882xxv1unel5mt2zij snf-12399 Ready Active 19.03.11
|
|
hublulhmmp42s9vhdp3pquyx2 snf-12418 Ready Active 19.03.8</code></pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect2">
|
|
<h3 id="_απαραίτητα_πακέτα_που_θα_χρειαστούν">Απαραίτητα Πακέτα Που θα Χρειαστούν</h3>
|
|
<div class="sect3">
|
|
<h4 id="_docker">Docker</h4>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Το Docker είναι ένα σύνολο Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) προϊόντων που χρησιμοποιεί εικονικοποίηση σε επίπεδο
|
|
λειτουργικού συστήματος (OS-level virtualization) για την μεταφορά λογισμικού σε πακέτα τα οποία καλούνται
|
|
Containers. Τα Containers είναι απομονομένα το ένα από το άλλο και φέρουν το καθένα τα δικά του λογισμικά,
|
|
βιβλιοθήκες και αρχεία παραμετροποίησης (configuration files).</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Τα Containers μπορούν να επικοινωνήσουν μεταξύ διαμέσου καλά ορισμένων καναλιών. Όλα τα Containers
|
|
τρέχουν από ένα μόνο πυρήνα λειτουργικού συστήματος (Operating System kernel) και ως εκ' τούτου χρήζουν
|
|
λιγότερες απαιτήσεις στους πόρους ενός υπολογιστικού συστήματος σε σχέση με τα Virtual Machines.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Το λογισμικό που φυλοξενεί (hosts) πολλά Containers καλείται Docker Engine.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect3">
|
|
<h4 id="_docker_compose">Docker Compose</h4>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Το Docker Compose είναι ένα εργαλείο το οποίο ορίζει/παραμετροποιεί και τρέχει ένα multi-container Docker application.
|
|
Για την χρήση αυτού του εργαλείου είναι υποχρεωτική η χρήση αρχείου YAML για την παραμετροποίηση μιας υπηρεσίας
|
|
μιας εφαρμογής. Έπειτα, με μία απλή εντολή μπορεί κανείς να δημιουργήσει και να εκκινήσει όλες της υπηρεσίες
|
|
που έχουν περιγραφεί σε αυτό το YAML αρχείο.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect3">
|
|
<h4 id="_github">GitHub</h4>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Ακόμα θα πρέπει να έχουμε πρόσβαση στο GitHub. Αυτό προειποθέτει να έχουμε ένα Git client.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect2">
|
|
<h3 id="_setting_up_a_hadoop_cluster_using_docker">Setting Up a Hadoop Cluster Using Docker</h3>
|
|
<div class="paragraph">
|
|
<p>Για την εγκατάσταση του Hadoop σε ένα Docker, πρώτα απ' όλα χρειαζόμαστε μία εικόνα του Hadoop
|
|
(Hadoop Docker Image). Για την παραγωγή της εικόνας (Image), θα χρησιμοποιήσουμε έναν έτοιμο
|
|
πρότζεκτ το οποίο δίνεται από την βιβλιογραφεία ως <a href="https://github.com/big-data-europe/docker-hadoop">Big Data Europe</a>
|
|
και είναι ανοιχτό στο GitHub.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="listingblock">
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<pre class="highlight"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash">git clone git@github.com:big-data-europe/docker-hadoop.git</code></pre>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sect1">
|
|
<h2 id="_references">References</h2>
|
|
<div class="sectionbody">
|
|
<div class="ulist">
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>[1] <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_Hadoop">Hadoop General Description</a></p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>[2] <a href="https://clubhouse.io/developer-how-to/how-to-set-up-a-hadoop-cluster-in-docker/">Setting Up Hadoop on a Cluster</a></p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div id="footer">
|
|
<div id="footer-text">
|
|
Last updated 2020-06-13 00:09:47 +0300
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