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<body class="article">
<div id="header">
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_secure_iot">Secure IOT (NodeJS Client)</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph"><p>There are many ways to secure and authenticate a networking communication, but not all solutions will run on a microcontroller, where processing power and memory is a scarce resource.</p></div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_how_does_it_work">How does it work?</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>Server &#8594; the iot device that will receive the command</code></p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p><code>Client &#8594; the command sender</code></p></div>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
The Client connects to the Server.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
[ Optional: The Client sends a predefined ammount of data for the Server to wake up. (Some libraries need the client to send first data, else they will not recognize that a connection was just made.) ]
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The Server sends a challenge to be solved.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The Client send the solved challenge with the command.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The Server extracts the command from the response/solution, executes it [Optional: sends back the response ].
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
[ Optional: The Client extracs the execution response from the Server response. ]
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_implementation">Implementation</h3>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_server_client_requirements">Server + Client Requirements</h4>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
set the same initial data length (0-n)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
set the same hashing function
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
set the same symmetric password
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_data">Data</h4>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
[ Optional: Client Sends: 1-n bytes (wake up packet) ]
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Server: Sends Challenge (1-n bytes)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
Client: Sends solved challenge ( Len(hash) bytes)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
[ Optional: Server: Sends Response ( Len(hash) bytes) ]
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_methodology">Methodology</h4>
<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>
[ Optional: The Client after connection, sends a predefined number of bytes. ]
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The Server generates and sends a random number (bigger &#8594; more secure) for each connection.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The Client calculates and sends the HMAC of (random server data + command) using the shared secret password
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
The Server tries to find what possible command could the Client have sent
(calculates HMAC of random server data + possible command, using the shared secret password and compares them)
and then calls the corresponding function. [ Optional: The response of that function is then calculated
(HMAC of random server data + response, using the shared secret password) and sent to the Client. ]
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
[ Optional: The Client tries to find what possible response command could the Server have sent
(calculates HMAC of random server data + response command, using the shared secret password) ]
</p>
</li>
</ol></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_considerations">Considerations</h3>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_pros">Pros</h4>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
Minimalistyc nor verbose
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
minimal memory usage*
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
minimal cpu usage*
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
fast**
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
authentication
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
confidentiality
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
replay protection
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>*with the use of appropriate hashing functions</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>**when a limited ammount of commands is used</p></div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_cons">Cons</h4>
<div class="ulist"><ul>
<li>
<p>
uses symetric cryptography
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
is not designed to send multiple bytes (1 byte commands recommended)
</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>
requires a random seed
</p>
</li>
</ul></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_proof_of_concept">Proof of Concept</h3>
<div class="paragraph"><p>Tested and fully working demo is attached!</p></div>
<div class="paragraph"><p>This demo was implemented on a pc (Node.JS Client) and an arduino pro mini with an ethernet shield (Server).</p></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="footnotes"><hr /></div>
<div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated 2019-11-19 05:33:40 GTB Standard Time
</div>
</div>
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