ls

index_ls.yml

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+--- # Programming language
+  name: "ls"
+  base_url: "https://git.swarmlab.io:3000/llo/LabLearningObject/raw/branch/master"
+  author: "zeus"
+  intro: "intro"
+  0_ls_basic:
+    display_name: "ls_basic"
+    swarmlabservice: "os2"
+    info:
+      file: "0_ls_basic/info"
+    code:
+      lang: "bash"
+      exec: "/bin/bash"
+      file: "0_ls_basic/code"
+      data: "0_ls_basic/data"
+      options: ""
+      mimetype: "bash"
+      output:
+        log: "console"
+        mimetype: "bash"
+    challenge:
+      question: "0_ls_basic/q-info"
+      codehelp: "0_ls_basic/codehelp"
+      codeanswer: "0_ls_basic/codeanswer"
+      mimetype: "bash"
+      points: "" # ELO
+      output:
+        log: "bash"

ls/0_ls_basic/code

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+ls -l /

ls/0_ls_basic/codeanswer

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+ls -al /home

ls/0_ls_basic/codehelp

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+ls -a 	list all files including hidden file starting with '.'

ls/0_ls_basic/info

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+The syntax for the ls command is as follows:
+
+[source,bash]
+----
+ls [OPTIONS] [FILES]
+----
+
+When used with no options and arguments, *ls* displays a list of the names of all files in the
+
+[source,bash]
+----
+bin   cdrom  dev  home lib64 media  opt   root  sbin  srv  tmp  var
+boot  etc  initrd.img  lib mnt    proc  run   snap  sys  usr
+----
+
+Long Listing Format 
+
+The -l option causes ls to print files in a long listing format.
+
+When the long listing format is used, the ls command will display the following file information:
+
+
+[source,bash]
+----
+drwxr-xr-x   1 root root 4096 Jul 24 14:45 home
+-rwxr-xr--   1 root root 4096 Jul 24 14:45 home/text
+----
+
+-    The file type
+-- – file
+-- d directory
+-- l symbolic link
+
+-    The file permissions
+
+--  The characters are pretty easy to remember.
+--- r = read permission
+--- w = write permission
+--- x = execute permission
+--- - = no permission 
+
+*file permissions in a three-digit octal number*
+
+[source,bash]
+----
+Number 	Permission Type 	Symbol
+0 	No Permission 	        ---
+1 	Execute 	        --x
+2 	Write 	                -w-
+3 	Execute + Write 	-wx
+4 	Read 	                r--
+5 	Read + Execute 	        r-x
+6 	Read +Write 	        rw-
+7 	Read + Write +Execute 	rwx
+----
+
+-    File owner
+-    File group
+-    File size
+-    Date and Time
+-    File name 
+
+
+
+

ls/0_ls_basic/q-info

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+
+Try to run 
+
+[source,sh]
+----
+ls -al /home
+----
+
+and see the Results!

ls/intro

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+ls command is one of the most useful & important command used in Linux.
+
+It is used to list information about files and directories within the file system. 
+
+In this *LO*, we will see the most used ls Commands examples in Linux.