You can not select more than 25 topics Topics must start with a letter or number, can include dashes ('-') and can be up to 35 characters long.
 
 

1032 lines
53 KiB

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta name="generator" content="Asciidoctor 2.0.10">
<meta name="description" content="SwarmLab Labs">
<meta name="keywords" content="iot, swarm, Linux, OS, Sec">
<meta name="author" content="Apostolos rootApostolos@swarmlab.io">
<title>Docs on SwarmLab.io !</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300italic,400,400italic,600,600italic%7CNoto+Serif:400,400italic,700,700italic%7CDroid+Sans+Mono:400,700">
<style>
/* Asciidoctor default stylesheet | MIT License | https://asciidoctor.org */
/* Uncomment @import statement to use as custom stylesheet */
/*@import "https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300italic,400,400italic,600,600italic%7CNoto+Serif:400,400italic,700,700italic%7CDroid+Sans+Mono:400,700";*/
article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,main,nav,section{display:block}
audio,video{display:inline-block}
audio:not([controls]){display:none;height:0}
html{font-family:sans-serif;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}
a{background:none}
a:focus{outline:thin dotted}
a:active,a:hover{outline:0}
h1{font-size:2em;margin:.67em 0}
abbr[title]{border-bottom:1px dotted}
b,strong{font-weight:bold}
dfn{font-style:italic}
hr{-moz-box-sizing:content-box;box-sizing:content-box;height:0}
mark{background:#ff0;color:#000}
code,kbd,pre,samp{font-family:monospace;font-size:1em}
pre{white-space:pre-wrap}
q{quotes:"\201C" "\201D" "\2018" "\2019"}
small{font-size:80%}
sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}
sup{top:-.5em}
sub{bottom:-.25em}
img{border:0}
svg:not(:root){overflow:hidden}
figure{margin:0}
fieldset{border:1px solid silver;margin:0 2px;padding:.35em .625em .75em}
legend{border:0;padding:0}
button,input,select,textarea{font-family:inherit;font-size:100%;margin:0}
button,input{line-height:normal}
button,select{text-transform:none}
button,html input[type="button"],input[type="reset"],input[type="submit"]{-webkit-appearance:button;cursor:pointer}
button[disabled],html input[disabled]{cursor:default}
input[type="checkbox"],input[type="radio"]{box-sizing:border-box;padding:0}
button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}
textarea{overflow:auto;vertical-align:top}
table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}
*,*::before,*::after{-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}
html,body{font-size:100%}
body{background:#fff;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);padding:0;margin:0;font-family:"Noto Serif","DejaVu Serif",serif;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;line-height:1;position:relative;cursor:auto;tab-size:4;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}
a:hover{cursor:pointer}
img,object,embed{max-width:100%;height:auto}
object,embed{height:100%}
img{-ms-interpolation-mode:bicubic}
.left{float:left!important}
.right{float:right!important}
.text-left{text-align:left!important}
.text-right{text-align:right!important}
.text-center{text-align:center!important}
.text-justify{text-align:justify!important}
.hide{display:none}
img,object,svg{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}
textarea{height:auto;min-height:50px}
select{width:100%}
.center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}
.stretch{width:100%}
.subheader,.admonitionblock td.content>.title,.audioblock>.title,.exampleblock>.title,.imageblock>.title,.listingblock>.title,.literalblock>.title,.stemblock>.title,.openblock>.title,.paragraph>.title,.quoteblock>.title,table.tableblock>.title,.verseblock>.title,.videoblock>.title,.dlist>.title,.olist>.title,.ulist>.title,.qlist>.title,.hdlist>.title{line-height:1.45;color:#7a2518;font-weight:400;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.25em}
div,dl,dt,dd,ul,ol,li,h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6,pre,form,p,blockquote,th,td{margin:0;padding:0;direction:ltr}
a{color:#2156a5;text-decoration:underline;line-height:inherit}
a:hover,a:focus{color:#1d4b8f}
a img{border:0}
p{font-family:inherit;font-weight:400;font-size:1em;line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:1.25em;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}
p aside{font-size:.875em;line-height:1.35;font-style:italic}
h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;font-weight:300;font-style:normal;color:#ba3925;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:.5em;line-height:1.0125em}
h1 small,h2 small,h3 small,#toctitle small,.sidebarblock>.content>.title small,h4 small,h5 small,h6 small{font-size:60%;color:#e99b8f;line-height:0}
h1{font-size:2.125em}
h2{font-size:1.6875em}
h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{font-size:1.375em}
h4,h5{font-size:1.125em}
h6{font-size:1em}
hr{border:solid #dddddf;border-width:1px 0 0;clear:both;margin:1.25em 0 1.1875em;height:0}
em,i{font-style:italic;line-height:inherit}
strong,b{font-weight:bold;line-height:inherit}
small{font-size:60%;line-height:inherit}
code{font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;font-weight:400;color:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
ul,ol,dl{font-size:1em;line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:1.25em;list-style-position:outside;font-family:inherit}
ul,ol{margin-left:1.5em}
ul li ul,ul li ol{margin-left:1.25em;margin-bottom:0;font-size:1em}
ul.square li ul,ul.circle li ul,ul.disc li ul{list-style:inherit}
ul.square{list-style-type:square}
ul.circle{list-style-type:circle}
ul.disc{list-style-type:disc}
ol li ul,ol li ol{margin-left:1.25em;margin-bottom:0}
dl dt{margin-bottom:.3125em;font-weight:bold}
dl dd{margin-bottom:1.25em}
abbr,acronym{text-transform:uppercase;font-size:90%;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);border-bottom:1px dotted #ddd;cursor:help}
abbr{text-transform:none}
blockquote{margin:0 0 1.25em;padding:.5625em 1.25em 0 1.1875em;border-left:1px solid #ddd}
blockquote cite{display:block;font-size:.9375em;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
blockquote cite::before{content:"\2014 \0020"}
blockquote cite a,blockquote cite a:visited{color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
blockquote,blockquote p{line-height:1.6;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
@media screen and (min-width:768px){h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{line-height:1.2}
h1{font-size:2.75em}
h2{font-size:2.3125em}
h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{font-size:1.6875em}
h4{font-size:1.4375em}}
table{background:#fff;margin-bottom:1.25em;border:solid 1px #dedede}
table thead,table tfoot{background:#f7f8f7}
table thead tr th,table thead tr td,table tfoot tr th,table tfoot tr td{padding:.5em .625em .625em;font-size:inherit;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);text-align:left}
table tr th,table tr td{padding:.5625em .625em;font-size:inherit;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8)}
table tr.even,table tr.alt{background:#f8f8f7}
table thead tr th,table tfoot tr th,table tbody tr td,table tr td,table tfoot tr td{display:table-cell;line-height:1.6}
h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{line-height:1.2;word-spacing:-.05em}
h1 strong,h2 strong,h3 strong,#toctitle strong,.sidebarblock>.content>.title strong,h4 strong,h5 strong,h6 strong{font-weight:400}
.clearfix::before,.clearfix::after,.float-group::before,.float-group::after{content:" ";display:table}
.clearfix::after,.float-group::after{clear:both}
:not(pre):not([class^=L])>code{font-size:.9375em;font-style:normal!important;letter-spacing:0;padding:.1em .5ex;word-spacing:-.15em;background:#f7f7f8;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;line-height:1.45;text-rendering:optimizeSpeed;word-wrap:break-word}
:not(pre)>code.nobreak{word-wrap:normal}
:not(pre)>code.nowrap{white-space:nowrap}
pre{color:rgba(0,0,0,.9);font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;line-height:1.45;text-rendering:optimizeSpeed}
pre code,pre pre{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}
pre>code{display:block}
pre.nowrap,pre.nowrap pre{white-space:pre;word-wrap:normal}
em em{font-style:normal}
strong strong{font-weight:400}
.keyseq{color:rgba(51,51,51,.8)}
kbd{font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;display:inline-block;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);font-size:.65em;line-height:1.45;background:#f7f7f7;border:1px solid #ccc;-webkit-border-radius:3px;border-radius:3px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2),0 0 0 .1em white inset;box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2),0 0 0 .1em #fff inset;margin:0 .15em;padding:.2em .5em;vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-.1em;white-space:nowrap}
.keyseq kbd:first-child{margin-left:0}
.keyseq kbd:last-child{margin-right:0}
.menuseq,.menuref{color:#000}
.menuseq b:not(.caret),.menuref{font-weight:inherit}
.menuseq{word-spacing:-.02em}
.menuseq b.caret{font-size:1.25em;line-height:.8}
.menuseq i.caret{font-weight:bold;text-align:center;width:.45em}
b.button::before,b.button::after{position:relative;top:-1px;font-weight:400}
b.button::before{content:"[";padding:0 3px 0 2px}
b.button::after{content:"]";padding:0 2px 0 3px}
p a>code:hover{color:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
#header,#content,#footnotes,#footer{width:100%;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;max-width:62.5em;*zoom:1;position:relative;padding-left:.9375em;padding-right:.9375em}
#header::before,#header::after,#content::before,#content::after,#footnotes::before,#footnotes::after,#footer::before,#footer::after{content:" ";display:table}
#header::after,#content::after,#footnotes::after,#footer::after{clear:both}
#content{margin-top:1.25em}
#content::before{content:none}
#header>h1:first-child{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);margin-top:2.25rem;margin-bottom:0}
#header>h1:first-child+#toc{margin-top:8px;border-top:1px solid #dddddf}
#header>h1:only-child,body.toc2 #header>h1:nth-last-child(2){border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;padding-bottom:8px}
#header .details{border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;line-height:1.45;padding-top:.25em;padding-bottom:.25em;padding-left:.25em;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);display:-ms-flexbox;display:-webkit-flex;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;-webkit-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap}
#header .details span:first-child{margin-left:-.125em}
#header .details span.email a{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
#header .details br{display:none}
#header .details br+span::before{content:"\00a0\2013\00a0"}
#header .details br+span.author::before{content:"\00a0\22c5\00a0";color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
#header .details br+span#revremark::before{content:"\00a0|\00a0"}
#header #revnumber{text-transform:capitalize}
#header #revnumber::after{content:"\00a0"}
#content>h1:first-child:not([class]){color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf;padding-bottom:8px;margin-top:0;padding-top:1rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem}
#toc{border-bottom:1px solid #e7e7e9;padding-bottom:.5em}
#toc>ul{margin-left:.125em}
#toc ul.sectlevel0>li>a{font-style:italic}
#toc ul.sectlevel0 ul.sectlevel1{margin:.5em 0}
#toc ul{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;list-style-type:none}
#toc li{line-height:1.3334;margin-top:.3334em}
#toc a{text-decoration:none}
#toc a:active{text-decoration:underline}
#toctitle{color:#7a2518;font-size:1.2em}
@media screen and (min-width:768px){#toctitle{font-size:1.375em}
body.toc2{padding-left:15em;padding-right:0}
#toc.toc2{margin-top:0!important;background:#f8f8f7;position:fixed;width:15em;left:0;top:0;border-right:1px solid #e7e7e9;border-top-width:0!important;border-bottom-width:0!important;z-index:1000;padding:1.25em 1em;height:100%;overflow:auto}
#toc.toc2 #toctitle{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.8rem;font-size:1.2em}
#toc.toc2>ul{font-size:.9em;margin-bottom:0}
#toc.toc2 ul ul{margin-left:0;padding-left:1em}
#toc.toc2 ul.sectlevel0 ul.sectlevel1{padding-left:0;margin-top:.5em;margin-bottom:.5em}
body.toc2.toc-right{padding-left:0;padding-right:15em}
body.toc2.toc-right #toc.toc2{border-right-width:0;border-left:1px solid #e7e7e9;left:auto;right:0}}
@media screen and (min-width:1280px){body.toc2{padding-left:20em;padding-right:0}
#toc.toc2{width:20em}
#toc.toc2 #toctitle{font-size:1.375em}
#toc.toc2>ul{font-size:.95em}
#toc.toc2 ul ul{padding-left:1.25em}
body.toc2.toc-right{padding-left:0;padding-right:20em}}
#content #toc{border-style:solid;border-width:1px;border-color:#e0e0dc;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#f8f8f7;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px}
#content #toc>:first-child{margin-top:0}
#content #toc>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
#footer{max-width:100%;background:rgba(0,0,0,.8);padding:1.25em}
#footer-text{color:rgba(255,255,255,.8);line-height:1.44}
#content{margin-bottom:.625em}
.sect1{padding-bottom:.625em}
@media screen and (min-width:768px){#content{margin-bottom:1.25em}
.sect1{padding-bottom:1.25em}}
.sect1:last-child{padding-bottom:0}
.sect1+.sect1{border-top:1px solid #e7e7e9}
#content h1>a.anchor,h2>a.anchor,h3>a.anchor,#toctitle>a.anchor,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor,h4>a.anchor,h5>a.anchor,h6>a.anchor{position:absolute;z-index:1001;width:1.5ex;margin-left:-1.5ex;display:block;text-decoration:none!important;visibility:hidden;text-align:center;font-weight:400}
#content h1>a.anchor::before,h2>a.anchor::before,h3>a.anchor::before,#toctitle>a.anchor::before,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor::before,h4>a.anchor::before,h5>a.anchor::before,h6>a.anchor::before{content:"\00A7";font-size:.85em;display:block;padding-top:.1em}
#content h1:hover>a.anchor,#content h1>a.anchor:hover,h2:hover>a.anchor,h2>a.anchor:hover,h3:hover>a.anchor,#toctitle:hover>a.anchor,.sidebarblock>.content>.title:hover>a.anchor,h3>a.anchor:hover,#toctitle>a.anchor:hover,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor:hover,h4:hover>a.anchor,h4>a.anchor:hover,h5:hover>a.anchor,h5>a.anchor:hover,h6:hover>a.anchor,h6>a.anchor:hover{visibility:visible}
#content h1>a.link,h2>a.link,h3>a.link,#toctitle>a.link,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.link,h4>a.link,h5>a.link,h6>a.link{color:#ba3925;text-decoration:none}
#content h1>a.link:hover,h2>a.link:hover,h3>a.link:hover,#toctitle>a.link:hover,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.link:hover,h4>a.link:hover,h5>a.link:hover,h6>a.link:hover{color:#a53221}
details,.audioblock,.imageblock,.literalblock,.listingblock,.stemblock,.videoblock{margin-bottom:1.25em}
details>summary:first-of-type{cursor:pointer;display:list-item;outline:none;margin-bottom:.75em}
.admonitionblock td.content>.title,.audioblock>.title,.exampleblock>.title,.imageblock>.title,.listingblock>.title,.literalblock>.title,.stemblock>.title,.openblock>.title,.paragraph>.title,.quoteblock>.title,table.tableblock>.title,.verseblock>.title,.videoblock>.title,.dlist>.title,.olist>.title,.ulist>.title,.qlist>.title,.hdlist>.title{text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;text-align:left;font-family:"Noto Serif","DejaVu Serif",serif;font-size:1rem;font-style:italic}
table.tableblock.fit-content>caption.title{white-space:nowrap;width:0}
.paragraph.lead>p,#preamble>.sectionbody>[class="paragraph"]:first-of-type p{font-size:1.21875em;line-height:1.6;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
table.tableblock #preamble>.sectionbody>[class="paragraph"]:first-of-type p{font-size:inherit}
.admonitionblock>table{border-collapse:separate;border:0;background:none;width:100%}
.admonitionblock>table td.icon{text-align:center;width:80px}
.admonitionblock>table td.icon img{max-width:none}
.admonitionblock>table td.icon .title{font-weight:bold;font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase}
.admonitionblock>table td.content{padding-left:1.125em;padding-right:1.25em;border-left:1px solid #dddddf;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
.admonitionblock>table td.content>:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.exampleblock>.content{border-style:solid;border-width:1px;border-color:#e6e6e6;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#fff;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px}
.exampleblock>.content>:first-child{margin-top:0}
.exampleblock>.content>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.sidebarblock{border-style:solid;border-width:1px;border-color:#dbdbd6;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#f3f3f2;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px}
.sidebarblock>:first-child{margin-top:0}
.sidebarblock>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.sidebarblock>.content>.title{color:#7a2518;margin-top:0;text-align:center}
.exampleblock>.content>:last-child>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content .olist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content .ulist>ul>li:last-child>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content .qlist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content>:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content .olist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content .ulist>ul>li:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content .qlist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.literalblock pre,.listingblock>.content>pre{-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;word-wrap:break-word;overflow-x:auto;padding:1em;font-size:.8125em}
@media screen and (min-width:768px){.literalblock pre,.listingblock>.content>pre{font-size:.90625em}}
@media screen and (min-width:1280px){.literalblock pre,.listingblock>.content>pre{font-size:1em}}
.literalblock pre,.listingblock>.content>pre:not(.highlight),.listingblock>.content>pre[class="highlight"],.listingblock>.content>pre[class^="highlight "]{background:#f7f7f8}
.literalblock.output pre{color:#f7f7f8;background:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
.listingblock>.content{position:relative}
.listingblock code[data-lang]::before{display:none;content:attr(data-lang);position:absolute;font-size:.75em;top:.425rem;right:.5rem;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase;color:inherit;opacity:.5}
.listingblock:hover code[data-lang]::before{display:block}
.listingblock.terminal pre .command::before{content:attr(data-prompt);padding-right:.5em;color:inherit;opacity:.5}
.listingblock.terminal pre .command:not([data-prompt])::before{content:"$"}
.listingblock pre.highlightjs{padding:0}
.listingblock pre.highlightjs>code{padding:1em;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px}
.listingblock pre.prettyprint{border-width:0}
.prettyprint{background:#f7f7f8}
pre.prettyprint .linenums{line-height:1.45;margin-left:2em}
pre.prettyprint li{background:none;list-style-type:inherit;padding-left:0}
pre.prettyprint li code[data-lang]::before{opacity:1}
pre.prettyprint li:not(:first-child) code[data-lang]::before{display:none}
table.linenotable{border-collapse:separate;border:0;margin-bottom:0;background:none}
table.linenotable td[class]{color:inherit;vertical-align:top;padding:0;line-height:inherit;white-space:normal}
table.linenotable td.code{padding-left:.75em}
table.linenotable td.linenos{border-right:1px solid currentColor;opacity:.35;padding-right:.5em}
pre.pygments .lineno{border-right:1px solid currentColor;opacity:.35;display:inline-block;margin-right:.75em}
pre.pygments .lineno::before{content:"";margin-right:-.125em}
.quoteblock{margin:0 1em 1.25em 1.5em;display:table}
.quoteblock:not(.excerpt)>.title{margin-left:-1.5em;margin-bottom:.75em}
.quoteblock blockquote,.quoteblock p{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);font-size:1.15rem;line-height:1.75;word-spacing:.1em;letter-spacing:0;font-style:italic;text-align:justify}
.quoteblock blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border:0}
.quoteblock blockquote::before{content:"\201c";float:left;font-size:2.75em;font-weight:bold;line-height:.6em;margin-left:-.6em;color:#7a2518;text-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.1)}
.quoteblock blockquote>.paragraph:last-child p{margin-bottom:0}
.quoteblock .attribution{margin-top:.75em;margin-right:.5ex;text-align:right}
.verseblock{margin:0 1em 1.25em}
.verseblock pre{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans;font-size:1.15rem;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);font-weight:300;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}
.verseblock pre strong{font-weight:400}
.verseblock .attribution{margin-top:1.25rem;margin-left:.5ex}
.quoteblock .attribution,.verseblock .attribution{font-size:.9375em;line-height:1.45;font-style:italic}
.quoteblock .attribution br,.verseblock .attribution br{display:none}
.quoteblock .attribution cite,.verseblock .attribution cite{display:block;letter-spacing:-.025em;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
.quoteblock.abstract blockquote::before,.quoteblock.excerpt blockquote::before,.quoteblock .quoteblock blockquote::before{display:none}
.quoteblock.abstract blockquote,.quoteblock.abstract p,.quoteblock.excerpt blockquote,.quoteblock.excerpt p,.quoteblock .quoteblock blockquote,.quoteblock .quoteblock p{line-height:1.6;word-spacing:0}
.quoteblock.abstract{margin:0 1em 1.25em;display:block}
.quoteblock.abstract>.title{margin:0 0 .375em;font-size:1.15em;text-align:center}
.quoteblock.excerpt>blockquote,.quoteblock .quoteblock{padding:0 0 .25em 1em;border-left:.25em solid #dddddf}
.quoteblock.excerpt,.quoteblock .quoteblock{margin-left:0}
.quoteblock.excerpt blockquote,.quoteblock.excerpt p,.quoteblock .quoteblock blockquote,.quoteblock .quoteblock p{color:inherit;font-size:1.0625rem}
.quoteblock.excerpt .attribution,.quoteblock .quoteblock .attribution{color:inherit;text-align:left;margin-right:0}
table.tableblock{max-width:100%;border-collapse:separate}
p.tableblock:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
td.tableblock>.content>:last-child{margin-bottom:-1.25em}
td.tableblock>.content>:last-child.sidebarblock{margin-bottom:0}
table.tableblock,th.tableblock,td.tableblock{border:0 solid #dedede}
table.grid-all>thead>tr>.tableblock,table.grid-all>tbody>tr>.tableblock{border-width:0 1px 1px 0}
table.grid-all>tfoot>tr>.tableblock{border-width:1px 1px 0 0}
table.grid-cols>*>tr>.tableblock{border-width:0 1px 0 0}
table.grid-rows>thead>tr>.tableblock,table.grid-rows>tbody>tr>.tableblock{border-width:0 0 1px}
table.grid-rows>tfoot>tr>.tableblock{border-width:1px 0 0}
table.grid-all>*>tr>.tableblock:last-child,table.grid-cols>*>tr>.tableblock:last-child{border-right-width:0}
table.grid-all>tbody>tr:last-child>.tableblock,table.grid-all>thead:last-child>tr>.tableblock,table.grid-rows>tbody>tr:last-child>.tableblock,table.grid-rows>thead:last-child>tr>.tableblock{border-bottom-width:0}
table.frame-all{border-width:1px}
table.frame-sides{border-width:0 1px}
table.frame-topbot,table.frame-ends{border-width:1px 0}
table.stripes-all tr,table.stripes-odd tr:nth-of-type(odd),table.stripes-even tr:nth-of-type(even),table.stripes-hover tr:hover{background:#f8f8f7}
th.halign-left,td.halign-left{text-align:left}
th.halign-right,td.halign-right{text-align:right}
th.halign-center,td.halign-center{text-align:center}
th.valign-top,td.valign-top{vertical-align:top}
th.valign-bottom,td.valign-bottom{vertical-align:bottom}
th.valign-middle,td.valign-middle{vertical-align:middle}
table thead th,table tfoot th{font-weight:bold}
tbody tr th{display:table-cell;line-height:1.6;background:#f7f8f7}
tbody tr th,tbody tr th p,tfoot tr th,tfoot tr th p{color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);font-weight:bold}
p.tableblock>code:only-child{background:none;padding:0}
p.tableblock{font-size:1em}
ol{margin-left:1.75em}
ul li ol{margin-left:1.5em}
dl dd{margin-left:1.125em}
dl dd:last-child,dl dd:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
ol>li p,ul>li p,ul dd,ol dd,.olist .olist,.ulist .ulist,.ulist .olist,.olist .ulist{margin-bottom:.625em}
ul.checklist,ul.none,ol.none,ul.no-bullet,ol.no-bullet,ol.unnumbered,ul.unstyled,ol.unstyled{list-style-type:none}
ul.no-bullet,ol.no-bullet,ol.unnumbered{margin-left:.625em}
ul.unstyled,ol.unstyled{margin-left:0}
ul.checklist{margin-left:.625em}
ul.checklist li>p:first-child>.fa-square-o:first-child,ul.checklist li>p:first-child>.fa-check-square-o:first-child{width:1.25em;font-size:.8em;position:relative;bottom:.125em}
ul.checklist li>p:first-child>input[type="checkbox"]:first-child{margin-right:.25em}
ul.inline{display:-ms-flexbox;display:-webkit-box;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;-webkit-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap;list-style:none;margin:0 0 .625em -1.25em}
ul.inline>li{margin-left:1.25em}
.unstyled dl dt{font-weight:400;font-style:normal}
ol.arabic{list-style-type:decimal}
ol.decimal{list-style-type:decimal-leading-zero}
ol.loweralpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}
ol.upperalpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}
ol.lowerroman{list-style-type:lower-roman}
ol.upperroman{list-style-type:upper-roman}
ol.lowergreek{list-style-type:lower-greek}
.hdlist>table,.colist>table{border:0;background:none}
.hdlist>table>tbody>tr,.colist>table>tbody>tr{background:none}
td.hdlist1,td.hdlist2{vertical-align:top;padding:0 .625em}
td.hdlist1{font-weight:bold;padding-bottom:1.25em}
.literalblock+.colist,.listingblock+.colist{margin-top:-.5em}
.colist td:not([class]):first-child{padding:.4em .75em 0;line-height:1;vertical-align:top}
.colist td:not([class]):first-child img{max-width:none}
.colist td:not([class]):last-child{padding:.25em 0}
.thumb,.th{line-height:0;display:inline-block;border:solid 4px #fff;-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 0 1px #ddd;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px #ddd}
.imageblock.left{margin:.25em .625em 1.25em 0}
.imageblock.right{margin:.25em 0 1.25em .625em}
.imageblock>.title{margin-bottom:0}
.imageblock.thumb,.imageblock.th{border-width:6px}
.imageblock.thumb>.title,.imageblock.th>.title{padding:0 .125em}
.image.left,.image.right{margin-top:.25em;margin-bottom:.25em;display:inline-block;line-height:0}
.image.left{margin-right:.625em}
.image.right{margin-left:.625em}
a.image{text-decoration:none;display:inline-block}
a.image object{pointer-events:none}
sup.footnote,sup.footnoteref{font-size:.875em;position:static;vertical-align:super}
sup.footnote a,sup.footnoteref a{text-decoration:none}
sup.footnote a:active,sup.footnoteref a:active{text-decoration:underline}
#footnotes{padding-top:.75em;padding-bottom:.75em;margin-bottom:.625em}
#footnotes hr{width:20%;min-width:6.25em;margin:-.25em 0 .75em;border-width:1px 0 0}
#footnotes .footnote{padding:0 .375em 0 .225em;line-height:1.3334;font-size:.875em;margin-left:1.2em;margin-bottom:.2em}
#footnotes .footnote a:first-of-type{font-weight:bold;text-decoration:none;margin-left:-1.05em}
#footnotes .footnote:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}
#content #footnotes{margin-top:-.625em;margin-bottom:0;padding:.75em 0}
.gist .file-data>table{border:0;background:#fff;width:100%;margin-bottom:0}
.gist .file-data>table td.line-data{width:99%}
div.unbreakable{page-break-inside:avoid}
.big{font-size:larger}
.small{font-size:smaller}
.underline{text-decoration:underline}
.overline{text-decoration:overline}
.line-through{text-decoration:line-through}
.aqua{color:#00bfbf}
.aqua-background{background:#00fafa}
.black{color:#000}
.black-background{background:#000}
.blue{color:#0000bf}
.blue-background{background:#0000fa}
.fuchsia{color:#bf00bf}
.fuchsia-background{background:#fa00fa}
.gray{color:#606060}
.gray-background{background:#7d7d7d}
.green{color:#006000}
.green-background{background:#007d00}
.lime{color:#00bf00}
.lime-background{background:#00fa00}
.maroon{color:#600000}
.maroon-background{background:#7d0000}
.navy{color:#000060}
.navy-background{background:#00007d}
.olive{color:#606000}
.olive-background{background:#7d7d00}
.purple{color:#600060}
.purple-background{background:#7d007d}
.red{color:#bf0000}
.red-background{background:#fa0000}
.silver{color:#909090}
.silver-background{background:#bcbcbc}
.teal{color:#006060}
.teal-background{background:#007d7d}
.white{color:#bfbfbf}
.white-background{background:#fafafa}
.yellow{color:#bfbf00}
.yellow-background{background:#fafa00}
span.icon>.fa{cursor:default}
a span.icon>.fa{cursor:inherit}
.admonitionblock td.icon [class^="fa icon-"]{font-size:2.5em;text-shadow:1px 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.5);cursor:default}
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-note::before{content:"\f05a";color:#19407c}
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-tip::before{content:"\f0eb";text-shadow:1px 1px 2px rgba(155,155,0,.8);color:#111}
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-warning::before{content:"\f071";color:#bf6900}
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-caution::before{content:"\f06d";color:#bf3400}
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-important::before{content:"\f06a";color:#bf0000}
.conum[data-value]{display:inline-block;color:#fff!important;background:rgba(0,0,0,.8);-webkit-border-radius:100px;border-radius:100px;text-align:center;font-size:.75em;width:1.67em;height:1.67em;line-height:1.67em;font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold}
.conum[data-value] *{color:#fff!important}
.conum[data-value]+b{display:none}
.conum[data-value]::after{content:attr(data-value)}
pre .conum[data-value]{position:relative;top:-.125em}
b.conum *{color:inherit!important}
.conum:not([data-value]):empty{display:none}
dt,th.tableblock,td.content,div.footnote{text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}
h1,h2,p,td.content,span.alt{letter-spacing:-.01em}
p strong,td.content strong,div.footnote strong{letter-spacing:-.005em}
p,blockquote,dt,td.content,span.alt{font-size:1.0625rem}
p{margin-bottom:1.25rem}
.sidebarblock p,.sidebarblock dt,.sidebarblock td.content,p.tableblock{font-size:1em}
.exampleblock>.content{background:#fffef7;border-color:#e0e0dc;-webkit-box-shadow:0 1px 4px #e0e0dc;box-shadow:0 1px 4px #e0e0dc}
.print-only{display:none!important}
@page{margin:1.25cm .75cm}
@media print{*{-webkit-box-shadow:none!important;box-shadow:none!important;text-shadow:none!important}
html{font-size:80%}
a{color:inherit!important;text-decoration:underline!important}
a.bare,a[href^="#"],a[href^="mailto:"]{text-decoration:none!important}
a[href^="http:"]:not(.bare)::after,a[href^="https:"]:not(.bare)::after{content:"(" attr(href) ")";display:inline-block;font-size:.875em;padding-left:.25em}
abbr[title]::after{content:" (" attr(title) ")"}
pre,blockquote,tr,img,object,svg{page-break-inside:avoid}
thead{display:table-header-group}
svg{max-width:100%}
p,blockquote,dt,td.content{font-size:1em;orphans:3;widows:3}
h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{page-break-after:avoid}
#toc,.sidebarblock,.exampleblock>.content{background:none!important}
#toc{border-bottom:1px solid #dddddf!important;padding-bottom:0!important}
body.book #header{text-align:center}
body.book #header>h1:first-child{border:0!important;margin:2.5em 0 1em}
body.book #header .details{border:0!important;display:block;padding:0!important}
body.book #header .details span:first-child{margin-left:0!important}
body.book #header .details br{display:block}
body.book #header .details br+span::before{content:none!important}
body.book #toc{border:0!important;text-align:left!important;padding:0!important;margin:0!important}
body.book #toc,body.book #preamble,body.book h1.sect0,body.book .sect1>h2{page-break-before:always}
.listingblock code[data-lang]::before{display:block}
#footer{padding:0 .9375em}
.hide-on-print{display:none!important}
.print-only{display:block!important}
.hide-for-print{display:none!important}
.show-for-print{display:inherit!important}}
@media print,amzn-kf8{#header>h1:first-child{margin-top:1.25rem}
.sect1{padding:0!important}
.sect1+.sect1{border:0}
#footer{background:none}
#footer-text{color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);font-size:.9em}}
@media amzn-kf8{#header,#content,#footnotes,#footer{padding:0}}
</style>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css">
</head>
<body class="article toc2 toc-right">
<div id="header">
<h1>Docs on SwarmLab.io !</h1>
<div class="details">
<span id="author" class="author">Apostolos rootApostolos@swarmlab.io</span><br>
</div>
<div id="toc" class="toc2">
<div id="toctitle">Πίνακας περιεχομένων</div>
<ul class="sectlevel1">
<li><a href="#_prepare_your_development_and_test_environment">1. Prepare your development and test environment</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#_docker">1.1. Docker</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#_install_docker">1.1.1. Install docker</a></li>
<li><a href="#_get_swarmlab_io_certificates">1.1.2. Get swarmlab.io certificates</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#_swarmlab_hybrid">1.2. Swarmlab-hybrid</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#_install_swarmlab_hybrid">1.2.1. Install swarmlab-hybrid</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#_linux">1.3. LINUX</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#_install_dual">1.3.1. Install dual</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#_linux_2">2. LINUX</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#_an_introduction_to_linux">2.1. An Introduction to Linux</a></li>
<li><a href="#_the_proc_filesystem">2.2. The proc filesystem</a></li>
<li><a href="#_vim_a_simple_workflow_example_with_the_vim_editor">2.3. VIM - A simple workflow example with the vim editor</a></li>
<li><a href="#_bash_associative_array_examples">2.4. Bash - Associative array examples</a></li>
<li><a href="#_bash_heredocs_positional_parameters">2.5. Bash - Heredocs, Positional Parameters</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#_internet_of_things_iot">3. Internet of things (IoT)</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#_intro_iot">3.1. Intro IoT</a></li>
<li><a href="#_iot_swarm_implementation">3.2. IoT swarm implementation</a></li>
<li><a href="#_create_a_mote_with_raspberry_piarduino">3.3. Create a mote with Raspberry Pi/Arduino</a></li>
<li><a href="#_sensor_nodemote">3.4. Sensor node/mote</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#_security">4. Security</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#_create_swarmlab_cluster">4.1. Create Swarmlab cluster</a></li>
<li><a href="#_scan_and_network_statistics">4.2. Scan and network statistics</a></li>
<li><a href="#_network_analysis">4.3. Network analysis</a></li>
<li><a href="#_network_filter">4.4. Network Filter</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#_traversing_of_tables_and_chains">4.4.1. Traversing of tables and chains</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#_iptables_with_shorewall_three_interface_firewall">4.5. Iptables with shorewall! - Three-Interface Firewall</a></li>
<li><a href="#_virtual_private_network_vpn">4.6. virtual private network (VPN)</a></li>
<li><a href="#_ssh_tunneling">4.7. SSH Tunneling</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#_cloud">5. Cloud</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#_cloud_computing">5.1. Cloud computing</a></li>
<li><a href="#_swarm_architecture">5.2. Swarm architecture</a></li>
<li><a href="#_swarm_architecture_example">5.3. Swarm architecture example</a></li>
<li><a href="#_swarm_storage_intro">5.4. Swarm Storage - INTRO</a></li>
<li><a href="#_swarm_storage_config">5.5. Swarm Storage - CONFIG</a></li>
<li><a href="#_swarm_storage_install">5.6. Swarm Storage - INSTALL</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#_git">6. Git</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#_intro">6.1. Intro</a></li>
<li><a href="#_basics">6.2. Basics</a></li>
<li><a href="#_history">6.3. History</a></li>
<li><a href="#_account_setup">6.4. Account setup</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#_frequently_asked_questions">7. Frequently Asked Questions</a></li>
<li><a href="#_how_do_i_ask_a_good_question">8. How do I ask a good question?</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p><br></p>
</div>
<div class="sidebarblock">
<div class="content">
<div class="title">Lab docs</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p><strong>Internet of Things</strong>. Is as a networked interconnection of devices in everyday use that are often equippedwith ubiquitous mechanism.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p><strong>Security</strong>. Is a set of mechanisms to protect sensitive data from vulnerable attacks and to guaranteeconfidentiality, integrity and authenticity of data.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p><br>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_prepare_your_development_and_test_environment">1. Prepare your development and test environment</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_docker">1.1. Docker</h3>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_install_docker">1.1.1. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/Howtos/docker/install.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Install docker</a></h4>
<div class="admonitionblock tip">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-tip" title="Tip"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
<div class="paragraph">
<p><strong>Docker</strong> is a set of platform as a service (PaaS) products that use OS-level virtualization to deliver software in packages called containers.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Containers are isolated from one another and bundle their own software, libraries and configuration files; they can communicate with each other through well-defined channels</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_get_swarmlab_io_certificates">1.1.2. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/Howtos/docker/install.adoc.html#_get_https_registry_vlabs_uniwa_gr5080v2_x509_certificate" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Get swarmlab.io certificates</a></h4>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_swarmlab_hybrid">1.2. Swarmlab-hybrid</h3>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_install_swarmlab_hybrid">1.2.1. <a href="https://git.swarmlab.io:3000/zeus/swarmlab-hybrid" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Install swarmlab-hybrid</a></h4>
<div class="admonitionblock tip">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-tip" title="Tip"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
<div class="paragraph">
<p><strong>Swarmlab-hybrid</strong> provides On demand Labrooms</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_linux">1.3. LINUX</h3>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_install_dual">1.3.1. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/Howtos/installdual/install.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Install dual</a></h4>
<div class="paragraph">
<p><br>
<br>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_linux_2">2. LINUX</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_an_introduction_to_linux">2.1. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/ls/ex-1_ls.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">An Introduction to Linux</a></h3>
<div class="admonitionblock tip">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-tip" title="Tip"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
Absolute basics
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_the_proc_filesystem">2.2. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/ls/procfs.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The proc filesystem</a></h3>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_vim_a_simple_workflow_example_with_the_vim_editor">2.3. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/ls/vim.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">VIM - A simple workflow example with the vim editor</a></h3>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_bash_associative_array_examples">2.4. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/ls/array-1_ls.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Bash - Associative array examples</a></h3>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_bash_heredocs_positional_parameters">2.5. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/ls/heredocs_ls.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Bash - Heredocs, Positional Parameters</a></h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p><br>
<br>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_internet_of_things_iot">3. Internet of things (IoT)</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_intro_iot">3.1. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/IoT/Intro-IoT.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Intro IoT</a></h3>
<div class="admonitionblock tip">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-tip" title="Tip"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
How It Works, Apps, Swarm: The Five Principles of Swarm Intelligence
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_iot_swarm_implementation">3.2. IoT swarm implementation</h3>
<div class="admonitionblock tip">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-tip" title="Tip"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>A swarm implementation that will allow communication between all of the members/nodes.</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p><a href="https://git.swarmlab.io:3000/zeus/iot-swarm-example/src/branch/master" target="_blank" rel="noopener">source code</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://git.swarmlab.io:3000/zeus/iot-swarm-example/raw/branch/master/docs/README.adoc" target="_blank" rel="noopener">info in adoc</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><a href="https://git.swarmlab.io:3000/zeus/iot-swarm-example/raw/branch/master/docs/README.adoc.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">info in pdf</a></p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_create_a_mote_with_raspberry_piarduino">3.3. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/IoT/SensorNode2Server.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Create a mote with Raspberry Pi/Arduino</a></h3>
<div class="admonitionblock tip">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-tip" title="Tip"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The Raspberry Pi is a low-cost credit-card sized single-board computer. The Raspberry Pi was created in the UK by the Raspberry Pi Foundation. The Raspberry Pi Foundation’s goal is to "advance the education of adults and children, particularly in the field of computers, computer science and related subjects."</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_sensor_nodemote">3.4. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/IoT/SensorNode.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Sensor node/mote</a></h3>
<div class="admonitionblock tip">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-tip" title="Tip"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>A sensor node, also known as a mote, is a node in a sensor network that is capable of performing some processing, gathering sensory information and communicating with other connected nodes in the network.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p><br>
<br>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_security">4. Security</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="exampleblock">
<div class="content">
<div class="paragraph">
<p><strong>Security</strong> is defined as a set of mechanisms to protect sensitive data from vulnerable attacks and to guaranteeconfidentiality, integrity and authenticity of data.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p><strong>Network security,</strong> in a cloud environment <strong>(IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS) OR Cloud of Things</strong> consists of the security of the underlying <strong>physical environment</strong> and the <strong>logical security</strong> controls that are inherent in the service or available to be consumed as a service.</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>Physical environment security ensures access to the cloud service is adequately distributed, monitored, and protected by underlying physical resources.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Logical network security controls consists of link, protocol, and application layer services.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>In a <strong>cloud environment</strong>, a major part of network security is likely to be provided by virtual security devices and services, alongside traditional physical network devices.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Typically, the inspection and control of network traffic do not pass through physical interfaces where classical control devices can analyze or block them.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>This is the reason why effective controls require the integration with the software layer - <em>network security architecture, security gateways (firewalls, WAF, SOA/API), Security Products (IDS/IPS, Sub Tier Firewall, Security Monitoring and Reporting, Denial of Service (DoS) protection/mitigation, and secure “base services” like DNSSEC and NTP</em>.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_create_swarmlab_cluster">4.1. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/sec/sec.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Create Swarmlab cluster</a></h3>
<div class="admonitionblock tip">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-tip" title="Tip"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
This tutorial describes how to create and set up swarmlab clusters
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_scan_and_network_statistics">4.2. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/sec/ex-1_iptables.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Scan and network statistics</a></h3>
<div class="admonitionblock tip">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-tip" title="Tip"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
This tutorial demonstrates some common <strong>nmap</strong> port scanning scenarios and explains the output.
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_network_analysis">4.3. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/sec/ex-2_iptables.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Network analysis</a></h3>
<div class="admonitionblock tip">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-tip" title="Tip"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
<strong>tcpdump</strong> is a common packet analyzer that runs under the command line. It allows the user to display TCP/IP and other packets being transmitted or received over a network to which the computer is attached. Distributed under the BSD license, tcpdump is free software.
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_network_filter">4.4. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/sec/ex-3_iptables.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Network Filter</a></h3>
<div class="admonitionblock tip">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-tip" title="Tip"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Netfilter offers various functions and operations for <strong>packet filtering</strong>, <strong>network address</strong> translation, and <strong>port translation</strong>, which provide the functionality required for <strong>directing packets</strong> through a network and <strong>prohibiting packets</strong> from reaching sensitive locations within a network.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p><strong>iptables</strong> is a command line utility for configuring Linux kernel firewall implemented within the Netfilter project. The term ''iptables'' is also commonly used to refer to this kernel-level firewall. It can be configured directly with iptables, or by using one of the many</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="_traversing_of_tables_and_chains">4.4.1. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/sec/ex-3a_iptables-flow-chart.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Traversing of tables and chains</a></h4>
<div class="admonitionblock tip">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-tip" title="Tip"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>When a packet first enters the firewall, it hits the hardware and then gets passed on to the proper device driver in the kernel.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Then the packet starts to <strong>go through a series of steps in the kernel</strong>, before it is either <strong>sent to the correct application</strong> (locally), or <strong>forwarded to another host</strong> - or whatever happens to i</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_iptables_with_shorewall_three_interface_firewall">4.5. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/sec/ex-4_iptables.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Iptables with shorewall! - Three-Interface Firewall</a></h3>
<div class="admonitionblock tip">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-tip" title="Tip"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
<div class="paragraph">
<p><strong>Shorewall</strong> is an open source firewall tool for Linux that builds <strong>upon the Netfilter (iptables/ipchains)</strong> system built into the Linux kernel, making it easier to manage more <strong>complex configuration schemes</strong> by providing a higher level of abstraction for describing rules using text files.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_virtual_private_network_vpn">4.6. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/sec/ex-5_iptables.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">virtual private network (VPN)</a></h3>
<div class="admonitionblock tip">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-tip" title="Tip"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>A <strong>virtual private network (VPN)</strong> extends a private network across a public network, and enables users to send and receive data across shared or public networks as if their computing devices were <strong>directly connected to the private network</strong>.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_ssh_tunneling">4.7. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/sec/ex-6_iptables.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">SSH Tunneling</a></h3>
<div class="admonitionblock tip">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-tip" title="Tip"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
<div class="paragraph">
<p><strong>SSH Tunneling,</strong> is the ability to use ssh to <strong>create a bi-directional encrypted network connection</strong> between machines over which data can be exchanged, typically TCP/IP.</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_cloud">5. Cloud</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_cloud_computing">5.1. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/cloud/Intro-Cloud.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Cloud computing</a></h3>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_swarm_architecture">5.2. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/cloud/Creaate-Swarm.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Swarm architecture</a></h3>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_swarm_architecture_example">5.3. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/course/architecture-microservice-swarmlab.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Swarm architecture example</a></h3>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_swarm_storage_intro">5.4. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/cloud/swarm-volumes-storage.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Swarm Storage - INTRO</a></h3>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_swarm_storage_config">5.5. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/cloud/swarm-volumes-minio-howto.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Swarm Storage - CONFIG</a></h3>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_swarm_storage_install">5.6. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/cloud/swarm-volumes-storage-howto.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Swarm Storage - INSTALL</a></h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_git">6. Git</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_intro">6.1. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/git/intro.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Intro</a></h3>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_basics">6.2. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/git/basics.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Basics</a></h3>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_history">6.3. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/git/history.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">History</a></h3>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="_account_setup">6.4. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/git/github.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Account setup</a></h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_frequently_asked_questions">7. <a href="http://docs.swarmlab.io/SwarmLab-HowTos/labs/faqs/faq.adoc.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Frequently Asked Questions</a></h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_how_do_i_ask_a_good_question">8. How do I ask a good question?</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="admonitionblock note">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-note" title="Note"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>Introduce the problem before you post any code</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Help others reproduce the problem</p>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>In the body of your question, start by expanding on the summary you put in the title.</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>Explain how you encountered the problem you're trying to solve, and any difficulties that have prevented you from solving it yourself.</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>The first paragraph in your question is the second thing most readers will see, so make it as engaging and informative as possible.</pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Not all questions benefit from including code. But if your problem is with code you&#8217;ve written, you should include some. But don&#8217;t just copy in your entire program! Not only is this likely to get you in trouble if you&#8217;re posting your employer&#8217;s code, it likely includes a lot of irrelevant details that readers will need to ignore when trying to reproduce the problem. Here are some guidelines:</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>Include just enough code to allow others to reproduce the problem. For help with this, read How to create a Minimal, Complete, and Verifiable example.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>If it is possible to create a live example of the problem that you can link to (for example, on <a href="http://sqlfiddle.com/" class="bare">http://sqlfiddle.com/</a> or <a href="http://jsbin.com/" class="bare">http://jsbin.com/</a>) then do so - but also copy the code into the question itself. Not everyone can access external sites, and the links may break over time. Use Stack Snippets to make a live demo of inline JavaScript / HTML / CSS.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>DO NOT post images of code</strong>, data, error messages, etc. - copy or type the text into the question. Please reserve the use of images for diagrams or demonstrating rendering bugs, things that are impossible to describe accurately via text. For more information please see the Meta FAQ entry Why not upload images of code/errors when asking a question?</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated 2021-04-21 22:04:10 UTC
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>