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393 lines
7.9 KiB
393 lines
7.9 KiB
= IoT Wireless !
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Apostolos rootApostolos@swarmlab.io
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// Metadata:
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:description: IoT
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:keywords: iot, swarm
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:data-uri:
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:toc: right
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:toc-title: Πίνακας περιεχομένων
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:toclevels: 4
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:source-highlighter: highlight
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:icons: font
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:sectnums:
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include::header.adoc[]
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{empty} +
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== Contiki
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Contiki is a state-of-the-art, open
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source operating system for sensor networks and other networked embedded
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devices
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More Info:
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contiki[^]
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== Start Instant Contiki
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.Start VMware and load Instant Contiki.
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[source,bash]
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----
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unzip InstantContiki2.7.zip
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vmplayer
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Start image
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----
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== Log In
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When the login screen appears, log in to Instant Contiki:
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.Log In usermode
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[source,bash]
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----
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Username: user
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Password: user
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----
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.Log In sudo
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[source,bash]
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----
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sudo apt update
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Password: user
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----
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== Open a Terminal
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After logging in, click on the terminal icon to start a terminal window.
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== System test
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.compile hello-world
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[source,bash]
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----
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cd contiki/examples/hello-world/
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make TARGET=native
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----
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.Run the Hello World program in Contiki:
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[source,bash]
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----
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./hello-world.native
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----
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The program should print the words *“Hello, world”* on the screen and then appear to hang.
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In reality, Contiki is still running correctly, but will not produce any output because the Hello World program has finished.
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[source,bash]
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----
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Press Ctrl+C on the keyboard to quit.
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----
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== Simulating Contiki with COOJA
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=== Start COOJA
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.start
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[source,bash]
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----
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cd contiki/tools/cooja/
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ant run
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----
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[NOTE]
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.INFO
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====
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COOJA compiles, and after a few seconds the simulator appears.
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All COOJA simulations are controlled using plugins: small Java programs that interact with simulations and simulated nodes.
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When COOJA is started, no simulation is loaded and no plugins are started.
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====
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=== Create a simulation
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A new simulation is created via the menu.
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[source,bash]
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----
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File > New > Simulation
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----
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- Enter a Simulation title, and click Create.
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We have now created our first simulation in COOJA. However, the simulation does not contain any nodes yet.
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To add nodes we need to first create a node type, and then add nodes to the simulation.
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[NOTE]
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====
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- The *Network* window, at the top left of the screen, shows all the motes in the simulated network
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- The *Timeline* window, at the bottom of the screen, shows all communication events in the simulation over time
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- The *Mote* output window, on the right side of the screen, shows all serial port printouts from all the motes.
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- The *Notes* window on the top right is where you can put notes for your simulation.
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- And the *Simulation* control window is where you start, pause, and reload your simulation.
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====
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=== Create a node type
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Any simulated node in COOJA belongs to a node type.
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The node type determines, among others, which Contiki applications to simulate.
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Click menu item
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[source,bash]
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----
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Motes > Add Motes > Create new mote type > Sky mote.
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----
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You have selected to emulate Tmote Sky nodes, and now need to select what Contiki program to simulate.
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- Enter a Description.
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- *Click Browse*, and navigate to *contiki/examples/hello-world/hello-world.c*
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- *Click Compile* to start compiling the Contiki program
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- *Click Create* when complication finishes.
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You will be asked to enter the number of motes of your simulation.
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Once you are done, click the Start button in the Simulation control window to start the simulation.
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=== Save, Load and Reload in Cooja
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Cooja allows for saving and loading simulation configurations.
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When a simulation is saved, all active plugins are also stored with the configuration.
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.save your current simulation
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[source,bash]
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----
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File > Save simulation
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----
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.Open simulation
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[source,bash]
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----
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File > Open simulation > Browse...
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----
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Select a simulation configuration.
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When a simulation is loaded, all simulated Contiki applications are recompiled.
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.reload your current simulation:
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[source,bash]
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----
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File > Reload simulation
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or press
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Ctrl+R
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----
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.Reminder
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[NOTE]
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====
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Reloading can be used to reset the simulation – to restart all nodes.
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More importantly, reloading a simulation will recompile all Contiki code, useful while developing Contiki programs.
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====
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=== Add simulated nodes
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[source,bash]
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----
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Motes > Add motes > [your type description]
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----
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Enter the number of nodes you want to simulate (e.g., 5), and press Add.
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=== Show properties
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Go to the *“Network”* window, click the *view* menu, and choose the properties you want to show for the nodes.
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==== Radio model in Cooja
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From the Network window, click on the
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[source,bash]
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----
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View > Radio Environment (UDGM)
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----
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If you now left-click on one of the nodes, you will see a green circle around the selected node.
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[NOTE]
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====
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The green circle presents the transmission range of the node, i.e. the selected node can communicate with all other nodes within that circle.
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You may also see a grey circle around the green circle.
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A node in the grey area cannot receive packets correctly
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====
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=== Extend the hello-world example
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- Create a folder
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- Copy+paste the *contiki/examples/hello-world* folder in your new folder.
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==== Sensors, LEDs and Button
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We will extend the Hello World program to let it print sensor data and toggle the leds when the button is pressed.
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.ADD
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----
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#include "dev/button-sensor.h"
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#include "dev/light-sensor.h"
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#include "dev/leds.h"
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#include <stdio.h> /* For printf() */
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----
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Sensors needs to be activated in the main process:
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[source,bash]
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----
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SENSORS_ACTIVATE(button_sensor);
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SENSORS_ACTIVATE(light_sensor);
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----
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To print out the current light sensor value:
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[source,bash]
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----
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printf("Light: \%u\n", light_sensor.value(0));
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----
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To wait for an event and check if this event is a button press:
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[source,bash]
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----
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PROCESS_WAIT_EVENT_UNTIL(ev == sensors_even && data == &button_sensor);
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----
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To toggle LEDs:
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[source,bash]
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----
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leds_toggle(LEDS_AL
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----
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=== Create an IPv6 network
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The border router will setup the IPv6 prefix of the network and will initiate the creation of the RPL routing tree.
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The code of the border-router is in contiki/examples/ipv6/rpl-border-router/border-router.c+.
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==== Copy and paste the folder in your project folder.
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- Start Cooja and create a new simulation.
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- Create a new mote type, browse to your project folder where the rpl-border-router is located and compile it.
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- Once the border-router node has been added to the simulation, you then need to populate your network with more motes.
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- For this, we use the code in ipv6/sky-websense/sky-websense.c
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.
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The sky-websense application generates sensing data and provides access to the latest data via built-in webserver.
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From the Network window, right click on the border-router and select
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[source,bash]
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----
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Mote tools for sky -> Serial socket (SERVER)
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----
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A new window should appear saying that the border-router node is listening on local port 60001.
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At this point, your simulation is ready to start. *Click on the start button*
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cd to your project folder where the rpl-border-router is located
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[source,bash]
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----
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make connect-router-Cooja TARGET=sky
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----
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You should see something like
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[source,bash]
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----
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ifconfig tun0 inet ‘hostname‘ up
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ifconfig tun0 add aaaa::1/64
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ifconfig tun0 add fe80::0:0:0:1/64
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ifconfig tun0
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tun0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00
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----
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----
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http://[‘‘webserver-ipv6-addr’’]
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----
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in your web browser to see the available readings.
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----
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e.g.
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Current readings
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Light: 65
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Temperature: 24C
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----
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[source,bash]
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----
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http://[aaaa::212:7401:1:101]/
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----
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And see the following:
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[source,bash]
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----
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Neighbors
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fe80::c30c:0:0:9e
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Routes
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aaaa::c30c:0:0:9e/128 (via fe80::c30c:0:0:9e)
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----
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Now try to access the light service
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- with l for ’light’
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- with t for ’temperature’
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[source,bash]
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----
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http://[aaaa::212:7403:3:303]/l
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----
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:hardbreaks:
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{empty} +
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{empty} +
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{empty}
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:!hardbreaks:
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'''
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